Turhal

Turhal

Turhal is a district of Tokat province, which is 46 km away from the city center and according to the 2020 ADNKS records published in February 2021, the population of the district center is 63,133 and the population including the villages is 79,776. Turhal is the second largest district of Tokat after Erbaa in terms of total population, including both the district center and the villages. Turhal, which was established in the Yeşilırmak basin, in the most suitable place for settlement in the central part of the Black Sea region, was established at the intersection of the roads connecting the Central Anatolia Region to the Black Sea and the Eastern Anatolia Region to the west. Turhal, which was a small settlement with its population in the first years of the Republic, became a district in 1944; with its location and economic structure, it has become one of the most active settlements in Turkey and its name has become one of the provinces of the future. It is understood that the history of Turhal, which was known by names such as Pontus Galatikus, Ustus Polemoniakus, Komona Pontiki in ancient times, goes back thousands of years. The fact that two inscriptions written in the Sumerian alphabet, which lived in Mesopotamia in 3000 BC, were found in Turhal Castle shows that the history of Turhal goes back 5000 years. Although not certain, it was named Turhal, Kasiura, Gayura, Turnalit. As a result of being in the center of attention for thousands of years, Turhal has been under different administrations as a result of numerous wars. The Assyrians took this region under their rule in 745 BC, the Cimmerians in 7000 BC, the Medes in 612 BC, and the Persians of Iranian origin in 546 BC. Anatolian states, which experienced a period of great oppression after Alexander's Middle East campaign, were divided among the commanders; Ariaretes, one of the Persian nobles, made Gaziura his capital. Turhal, which was a small settlement when it was within the Byzantine borders, was within the borders of the Eratna Principality during the Principalities period. It fell into Ottoman hands for the first time in 1399. With the withdrawal of Timur after the Ankara war, it was definitely annexed to the Ottoman territory in 1413. II of the 19th century. The most important event that affected the region in half of the world was the arrival of immigrants. Some of the Balkan and Caucasian immigrants who came to Anatolia after the 1854-1878 Crimean War, the 1855-1859 Sheikh Shamil uprising and the 1877-1878 Ottoman-Russian war were settled in the Turhal region. During the years of armistice and national struggle, Turhal showed all his existence under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal and gave hundreds of martyrs in the War of Independence. This district, which has a rich and vast history, has also witnessed important events during the Republican period. It has an important place and share in the country's economy. Turhal (Muammer Tuksavul) Sugar Factory and Turhal Machinery Factory, whose foundations were laid in 1933 by the then Minister of Industry Celal Bayar and opened by İsmet İnönü in 1934, producing the highest quality sugar in Turkey, gave life to the region. In recent years, investments in the field of soil industry (Brick and Tile Factories), apparel (textile), Antimony mine, Kevser milk and feed factories have an important place in the country and district economy. Turhal (Muammer Tuksavul) Sugar Factory was privatized and incorporated into Kayseri Sugar.